The Sixteenth was organized at Courtland, August 6, 1861. Ordered to Knoxville, it was there placed in Gen. Zollikoffer's brigade. Under that commander it fought at Fishing Creek, and lost 64 men there. Transferred to another field of operations, and placed in the brigade of Gen. Wood of Lauderdale - with the 33rd Alabama, 44th Tennessee, and 32nd and 33rd of Mississippi - it was very warmly engaged at Shiloh, where it lost 162 men. As part of Buckner's division, it moved into Kentucky, and was held in the reserve at Perryville, and not actively engaged. The Sixteenth participated in the affair at Triune with slight loss; and was in the thickest of the battle of Murfreesboro, where its loss was 168 killed and wounded. The regiment remained in the vicinity of Tullahoma till the army of Tennessee fell back to Chattanooga. At Chicamauga it was in Cleburne's division, and its colors floated "in the van of chivalric men" in that fierce grapple with a courageous foe, and its loss was 244 killed and wounded. From the disaster at Mission Ridge the Sixteenth retired with trivial loss, and wintered at Dalton. Gen. Mark Lowery of Mississippi was now in command of the brigade, to which the Forty-fifth Alabama and Gibson's Battalion were soon added. From Dalton to Atlanta the Sixteenth bore an honorable share in the wonderful retrograde movement of the Western Army, fighting by day and entrenching by night, and its casualties were 200 in number. On that field of blood, Jonesboro, the Sixteenth left about 150 of its men, and was an actor in the other scenes of the fearful drama around Atlanta. It moved with Hood into Tennessee, and in the fruitless and sanguinary struggles at Franklin and Nashville lost half its remaining force, and every commissioned officer. A remnant followed the march of the army into the Carolinas, and surrendered at Goldsboro, about 50 men being present. It had been consolidated with the 1st and 45th Alabama regiments.
Field and Staff
Colonels - Wm. B. Wood of Lauderdale; transferred. A.H. Helvenston of Marion; resigned. Frederick A. Ashford of Lawrence; killed at Nashville.
Lieutenant Colonels - John W. Harris of Franklin; resigned. A.H. Helvenston; wounded at Murfreesboro; promoted. Jas. McGaughey of Franklin; killed at Chicamauga.
Majors - A.H. Helvenston; wounded at Shiloh; promoted. James McGaughey; wounded at Murfreesboro; promoted. F.A. Ashford; promoted.
Adjutant - Brice Wilson of Franklin; killed at Franklin.
Captains, and Counties from Which the Companies Came.
Lauderdale - Alexander D. Coffee; resigned. Oliver S. Kennedy; resigned. Calvin Carson.
Franklin - Jas. M'Gaughey; wounded at Shiloh; promoted. Barton Dickson; wounded at Chicamauga and at New Hope.
Franklin - James W.C. Smith; resigned. Johm Beene; wounded and captured at Franklin.
Franklin - W.W. Weatherford; resigned. John Beene; wounded and captured at Franklin.
Lawrence - Frederick A. Ashford; promoted. Frederick Sherrod; wounded at Murfreesboro.
Lawrence - William Hodges; wounded at Chicamauga.
Marion - John B. Powers; resigned. John H. Bankhead; wounded.
Lawrence - William S. Bankhead; resigned. Lafayette Swope; resigned. Robert McGregor; killed at Nashville.
Marion - George W. Archer; wounded at Atlanta.
Conecuh - J.J. May.
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