The Twelfth Alabama was organized at Richmond in July1861, and at once moved to the Potomac "front." It was first brigaded under Gen. Ewell of Virginia, who was soon after succeeded by Gen. Rodes of Tuskaloosa. The regiment lay near Manassas during the fall and winter, and moved to Yorktown in the spring of 1862. It was under fire there, and suffered lightly at Williamsburg. At Seven Pines the regiment was in the advance that opened the battle, and stormed the redoubt held by Casey's division, carrying three lines of works by succesive charges, and losing 70 killed and 141 wounded - more than half it had engaged. It participated to some extent in the other battles before Richmond, and mustered 120 men for duty after the battle of Malvern Hill. Still under Rodes, and in D. H. Hill's division, and brigaded with the Third, Fifth, Sixth, and Twenty-sixth Alabama regiments, the Twelfth was in the advance into Maryland. It bore a conspicuous part at Boonsboro, and also at Sharpsburg, losing in these bloody conflicts 27 killed, 69 wounded, and 33 missing out its thinned ranks. Retiring into Virginia with the army, the regiment wintered on the Rappahannock. It was under fire but not actively engaged at Fredericksburg; but it was in the resistless column of Rodes at Chancellorsville, where Col. O'Neal led the brigade, and where the Twelfth charged three lines of breastworks, and was badly mutilated. It skirmished at Brandy Station, and again led the way over the Potomac. At Gettysburg it was on the extreme left, and pressed the enemy in confusion through the town, then supported the grand assault, and afterwards covered the rear. After the army retired into Virginia, the Twelfth was engaged in several skirmishes - at Warrenton Springs, Turkey Run &c. The winter was passed near Orange C.H., and the regiment - Gen. Battle now commanding the brigade - was hotly engaged at the Wilderness and Spottsylvania, and in the continuous skirmishing of Grant's advance movement to Cold Harbor. The Twelfth then again marched into Maryland when Early threatened Washington. It participated at Winchester with very severe loss, and in the further operations of the corps in the Valley. On its return to Petersburg it took part - now in the Gordon's corps - in the fierce struggles around that historic city, and laid down its arms at Appomattox. Of the original number of 1196, about 50 were at Appomattox; and of the 321 recruits received, about 70 were there. Nearly 250 died of wounds received in battle, about 200 died of disease, and 202 were discharged. The battle-flag of the regiment is now in Mobile.
Field and Staff
Colonels - Robert T. Jones of Perry; killed at Seven Pines. B.B. Gayle of Morgan; killed at Boonsboro. Samuel B. Pickens of South Carolina; wounded at Spottsylvania and Winchester.
Lieutenant Colonels - Theodore O'Hara of Kentucky; transferred. B.B. Gayle; promoted. Samuel B. Pickens; wounded at Boonsboro; promoted. J.C. Goodgame of Coosa.
Majors - E.D. Tracy of Madison; transferred. John C. Brown of Coffee; resigned. B.B. Gayle; promoted. Samuel B. Pickens; promoted. John C. Goodgame; promoted. Adolph Proskauer of Mobile; wounded at Chancellorsville and Spottsylvania.
Adjutants - Samuel B. Pickens; promoted. Junius L. Walthall of Mobile; transferred. L. Gayle of Virginia.
Captains, and Counties from Which the Companies Cames.
Mobile - George Heuilly; till re-organized. Jule L'Etondal; died in the service. T.H. Rogers; wounded at Winchester.
Coosa - Joseph H. Bradford; till re-organized. John C. Goodgame; promoted. Henry W. Cox; killed at Chancellorsville. Patrick Thomas; killed at Appomattox.
Mobile - Augustus Stykes; resigned. A. Proskauer; promoted. F.C. Fischer. E. Karcher.
Coffee - John C. Brown; promoted. T.C. Horn; resigned. E. Tucker; killed at Sharpsburg. .... Davis. killed at Gettysburg. J. McCassells; killed at the Wilderness.
Dekalb - W. Higgins; resigned. R.F. Patterson; resigned. W.L. Maroney; resigned; John Rogersl killed at Spottyslvania. A. Majors; killed at Snicker's Gap.
Macon - R.F. Ligon; till re-organized. Robert H. Keeling; killed at Seven Pines. J.W. McNeeley; wounded at Chancellorsville transferred. Robert E. Park; wounded at Gettysburg; wounded and captured at Winchester.
Jackson - A.S. Bibb; till re-organized. P.D. Ross wounded at Gettysburg.
Morgan - B.B. Gayle; promoted. C.A. Darwin; killed at Seven Pines. A.E. Hewlett; wounded and captured at Winchester.
Mobile - W.T. Walthall; transferred. John J. Nicholson; wounded at Seven Pines and the Wilderness.Macon - W.H.C. Price; till re-organized. D.H. Garrison; killed at Sharpsburg. Thomas Fitzgerald; killed at Chancellorsville. E.H. Rowell.
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